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Dieser USB-Stick enthält eine Auswahl von mehr als 350 Artikeln über HF, Funk und Kommunikation, die im Elektor-Magazin veröffentlicht wurden. Der Inhalt besteht sowohl aus Hintergrundartikeln als auch aus Projekten zu den folgenden Themen: Grundlegende funkbezogene Schaltungen sowie komplexere Schaltungen wie Filter, Oszillatoren und Verstärker. Entwurf, Konstruktion und Theorie von Antennen zum effizienten Senden und Empfangen von Funksignalen. Entwurf und Analyse von RF-Schaltungen einschließlich Filtern, Mischern, PLLs und Frequenzsynthesizern. Werkzeuge und Techniken zur Vorhersage der Ausbreitungswege von Funkwellen und zur Messung der RF-Signalstärke. Techniken zur Verarbeitung digitaler Signale in HF-Systemen, einschließlich Modulations- und Demodulationsverfahren. Projekte zu Funkempfängern, AM, FM, SSB, CW, DRM, DAB, DAB+, Software Defined Radio und mehr. Projekte zu Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, LoRaWAN und mehr. Sie können die Artikelsuchfunktion nutzen, um bestimmte Inhalte im Volltext zu finden. Die Ergebnisse werden immer als vorformatierte PDF-Dokumente angezeigt. Mit Adobe Reader können Sie die Artikel durchblättern und mit der integrierten Suchfunktion von Adobe Reader nach einzelnen Wörtern und Ausdrücken suchen.

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The Internet of Things (IoT) is a new concept in intelligent automation and intelligent monitoring using the Internet as the communications medium. The “Things” in IoT usually refer to devices that have unique identifiers and are connected to the Internet to exchange information with each other. Such devices usually have sensors and/or actuators that can be used to collect data about their environments and to monitor and control their environments. The collected data can be processed locally or it can be sent to centralized servers or to the cloud for remote storage and processing. For example, a small device at the size of a matchbox can be used to collect data about the temperature, relative humidity and the atmospheric pressure. This data can be sent and stored in the cloud. Anyone with a mobile device can then access and monitor this data at any time and from anywhere on Earth provided there is Internet connectivity. In addition, users can for example, adjust the central heating remotely using their mobile devices and accessing the cloud. This book is written for students, for practising engineers and for hobbyists who want to learn more about the building blocks of an IoT system and also learn how to setup an IoT system using these blocks. Chapter 1 is an introduction to the IoT systems. In Chapter 2, the basic concepts and possible IoT architectures are discussed. The important parts of any IoT system are the sensors and actuators and they are described briefly in Chapter 3. The devices in an IoT system usually communicate with each other and the important aspect of IoT communication is covered in Chapter 4. Chapter 5 proceeds with the features of some of the commonly used development kits. One of these, the Clicker 2 for PIC18FJ manufactured by mikroElektronika, can be used as a processor in IoT systems and its features are described in detail in Chapter 6. A popular microcontroller C language, mikroC Pro for PIC gets introduced in Chapter 7. Chapter 8 covers the use of a click board with the Clicker 2 for PIC18FJ development kit. Similarly, the use of a sensor click board is described as a project in Chapter 9, and an actuator board in Chapter 10. Chapters 11 and 12 cover Bluetooth and Wi-Fi technologies in microcontroller based systems, and the remaining chapters of the book demo the creation of a simple Wi-Fi based IoT system with cloud-based data storage. This book has been written with the assumption that the reader has taken a course on digital logic design and has been exposed to writing programs using at least one high-level programming language. Knowledge of the C programming language will be very useful. Also, familiarity with at least one member of the PIC series of microcontrollers (e.g. PIC16 or PIC18) will be an advantage. The knowledge of assembly language programming is not required because all the projects in the book are based on using the C language. If you are a total beginner in programming you can still access the e-book, but first you are advised to study introductory books on microcontrollers.

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Two reasons can be identified for the immense success of the Arduino platform. First, the cheap, ready to go processor board greatly simplifies the introduction to hardware. The second success factor is the free and open-source programming suite that does not require an installation procedure. Simple entry-level examples ensure rapid successes. Complex selection procedures for parameters like the microprocessor version or interface settings are not required. The first sample programs can be uploaded to the Arduino board, and tested, in a matter of minutes. The Arduino user is supported by an array of software libraries. However, the daily increasing volume of libraries poses initial problems to the newcomer, and the way ahead may be uncertain after a few entry-level examples. In many cases, detailed descriptions are missing, and poorly described projects tend to confuse rather than elucidate. Clear guidance and a single motto are missing, usually owing to the projects having been created by several different persons—all with different aims in mind. This book represents a different approach. All projects are presented in a systematical manner, guiding into various theme areas. In the coverage of must-know theory great attention is given to practical directions users can absorb, including essential programming techniques like A/D conversion, timers and interrupts—all contained in the hands-on projects. In this way readers of the book create running lights, a wakeup light, fully functional voltmeters, precision digital thermometers, clocks of many varieties, reaction speed meters, or mouse controlled robotic arms. While actively working on these projects the reader gets to truly comprehend and master the basics of the underlying controller technology.

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The State of Hollow State Audio in the Second Decade of the 21st Century Vacuum-tube (or valve, depending upon which side of the pond you live on) technology spawned the Age of Electronics early in the 20th Century. Until the advent of solid-state electronics near mid-century, hollow-state devices were the only choice. But following the invention of the transistor (after their process fell to reasonable levels), within a couple of decades, the death of vacuum tubes was widely heralded. Yet here we are some five decades later, and hollow-state equipment is enjoying something of a comeback, especially in the music and high-end audio industries. Many issues surround hollow-state audio: Does it produce—as some claim—better sound? If so, is there science to back up these claims? How do hollow-state circuits work? How do you design hollow-state audio circuits? If hollow-state equipment fails, how do you go about troubleshooting and repairing it? Can we recreate some of the classic hollow-state audio devices for modern listening rooms and recording studios? How can we intelligently modify hollow-state amplifiers to our taste? These and other topics are covered in The State of Hollow State Audio.

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Clever Tricks with ATmega328 Pro Mini Boards With a simple Pro Mini board and a few other components, projects that 20 or 30 years ago were unthinkable (or would have cost a small fortune) are realized easily and affordably in this book: From simple LED effects to a full battery charging and testing station that will put a rechargeable through its paces, there’s something for everyone. All the projects are based on the ATmega328 microcontroller, which offers endless measuring, switching, and control options with its 20 input and output lines. For example, with a 7-segment display and a few resistors, you can build a voltmeter or an NTC-based thermometer. The Arduino platform offers the perfect development environment for programming this range of boards. Besides these very practical projects, the book also provides the necessary knowledge for you to create projects based on your own ideas. How to measure, and what? Which transistor is suitable for switching a certain load? When is it better to use an IC? How do you switch mains voltage? Even LilyPad-based battery-operated projects are discussed in detail, as well as many different motors, from simple DC motors to stepper motors. Sensors are another exciting topic: For example, a simple infrared receiver that can give disused remote controls a new lease on life controlling your home, and a tiny component that can actually measure the difference in air pressure between floor and table height!

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Using the RFID Starter Kit An Arduino board has now become ‘the’ basic component in the maker community. No longer is an introduction to the world of microcontrollers the preserve of the expert. When it comes to expanding the capabilities of the basic Arduino board however, the developer is still largely on his own. If you really want to build some innovative projects it’s often necessary to get down to component level. This can present many beginners with major problems. That is exactly where this book begins. This book explains how a wide variety of practical projects can be built using items supplied in a single kit together with the Arduino board. This kit, called the 'RFID Starter Kit for Arduino' (SKU 17240) is not just limited to RFID applications but contains more than 30 components, devices and modules covering all areas of modern electronics. In addition to more simple components such as LEDs and resistors there are also complex and sophisticated modules that employ the latest technology such as: A humidity sensor A multicolor LED A large LED matrix with 64 points of light A 4-character 7-segment LED display An infra red remote-controller unit A complete LC-display module A servo A stepper motor and controller module A complete RFID reader module and security tag On top of that you will get to build precise digital thermometers, hygrometers, exposure meters and various alarm systems. There are also practical devices and applications such as a fully automatic rain sensor, a sound-controlled remote control system, a multifunctional weather station and so much more. All of the projects described can be built using the components supplied in the Elektor kit.

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Der Elektor Laserkop verwandelt die Elektor Sanduhr in eine Uhr, die die Zeit auf eine im Dunkeln leuchtende Folie statt auf Sand schreibt. Neben der Anzeige der Zeit können damit auch flüchtige Zeichnungen erstellt werden. Der 5-mW-Laserpointer mit einer Wellenlänge von 405 nm erzeugt leuchtend grüne Zeichnungen auf der im Dunkeln leuchtenden Folie. Um optimale Ergebnisse zu erzielen, verwenden Sie das Kit in einem schwach beleuchteten Raum. Achtung: Schauen Sie niemals direkt in den Laserstrahl! Der Bausatz enthält alle notwendigen Komponenten, es ist jedoch das Anlöten von drei Drähten erforderlich. Hinweis: Dieses Kit ist auch mit der originalen Arduino-basierten Sanduhr aus dem Jahr 2017 kompatibel. Weitere Einzelheiten finden Sie unter Elektor 1-2/2017 und Elektor 1-2/2018.

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Der Elektor-LoRa-KnotenVielseitige 868-MHz-Fernbedienung mit großer Reichweite, Zustandsrückmeldung und einem STM32 im Inneren InteraktivKorrekturen & Updates || Fragen & Antworten Entwicklung analoger ElektronikFall Nr. 1 – Teil 2: Vorverstärker für MEMS-Mikrofone My IoT-Button: Der Knopf fürs NetzTeil 1: IoT-Architektur BASIC für ESP32/ESP8266Programmierung mit Annex WiFi RDS ESP32-Türklingel mit Telegram-NachrichtWenn der Postbote nur einmal klingelt... Von der Pike auf gelerntNeues aus der Elektor-Ideenkiste LoRaWAN - ein einfacher EinstiegMit Blue Pill, LoRa-Breakout-Board und The Things Network Ein starker Verfechter des Offenen InternetsInterview mit Wienke Giezeman, Gründer von The Things Network Meadow F7Ein Board für .NET-Entwickler Praktisches ESP32-MultitaskingTeil 2: Task-Prioritäten Mit dem Fuchs ins IoT (3)Erste Schritte im Netz Raspberry Pi - Bash-Befehle in der Übersicht Der vielleicht erfolgreichste Start-up-Beschleuniger Europas?HighTechXL, Eindhoven, Niederlande Review: RPi-HAT Enviro+Umweltdaten messen mit Raspberry Pi und der HAT Enviro+ Aus dem Leben gegriffenBauteile bestellen in der Ukraine und Russland Review: Mikroskop Andonstar AD407Besser als sein Vorgänger? Zutritt für Unbefugte verboten!Ein Blick ins Allerheiligste aller Elektroniker Optischer Tastkopf für OszilloskopeHelligkeitsschwankungen von Beleuchtungen messen Das TABULA-Projekt - ein UpdateTangibles mit User-Feedback Gewusst wie: Berechnung des prospektiven KurzschlussstromsWahl des richtigen Leitungsschutzschalters Die TMS1000-Mikrocontroller-ReiheBemerkenswerte Bauteile Aller Anfang...muss nicht schwer sein! Von Entwicklern für EntwicklerTipps & Tricks, Best Practice und andere nützliche Infos Leitungen aufspürenÜber das Suchen und Finden verdeckt verlegter, schadhafter Leitungen Review: Portables 3-in-1-Oszilloskop Joy-IT DMSO2D72 Selbstbau-PC fürs Elektronik-LaborTipps für Komponentenauswahl und Bau Intelektor: Der Elektor-Schachcomputer (1981)Tiny Chess 86 auf Intel 8088 portiert Jenseits der ElektronikPCB Art – Über die Grenzen der industriellen Fertigung hinaus HexadokuSudoku für Elektroniker

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Diese Ausgabe steht allen GOLD- und GREEN-Mitgliedern auf der ElektorMagazine-Website zum Download bereit! Sie sind noch kein Mitglied? Hier klicken! Kleine WärmebildkameraRealisiert mit einem Arduino UNO Projekt-Update #3: Energiemessgerät mit ESP32Integration und Test mit Home Assistant 2024: Eine Odyssee in die KIVerbessern der Objekterkennung: Nutzung verfeinerter Techniken Raspberry Pi Goes KINeues Kit enthält M.2-HAT mit KI-Beschleuniger Sensoren für WetterstationenWelchen Sensor sollte man wählen? KI-gestützter WasserzählerTeil 1: Bringen Sie Ihren alten Zähler ins IoT! Ein GSM-AlarmNutzung der GSM-Technologie für die Fernüberwachung von Garagen Low-Power-Thread-Geräte optimiert und getestetNiedriger Energiebedarf ... Niedrige Leistung? Aus dem Leben gegriffenDer Gender-Gap Nebelkammer selbstgebautUnsichtbare Strahlung sichtbar machen SparkFun Thing Plus MatterEin vielseitiges Matter-basiertes IoT-Entwicklungsboard IoT-RetrofittingRS232-Geräte fit für Industrie 4.0 machen IoT mit 8-Bit-Mikrocontrollern Technologie als Motor der NachhaltigkeitNeuerungen führen zu Energieeffizienz in vielen Applikationen AWS für Arduino und Co.Teil 1: AWS-IoT-ExpressLink in der Praxis Luftstromdetektor (nur) mit ArduinoKeine externen Sensoren erforderlich! WasserleckdetektorVerbunden mit der Arduino-Cloud QuarzeBemerkenswerte Bauteile Universeller Garten-LoggerEin Schritt auf dem Weg zur KI-gestützten Gartenarbeit Analoger 1-kHz-GeneratorSinuswellen mit geringen Verzerrungen Miletus: Web-Apps offline nutzenSystem- und Gerätezugriff inklusive Von 4G zu 5GIst es wirklich so einfach? Aller Anfang...muss nicht schwer sein: Der Ausgleich

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ModbusRTU and ModbusTCP examples with the Arduino Uno and ESP8266 Introduction to PLC programming with OpenPLC, the first fully open source Programmable Logic Controller on the Raspberry Pi, and Modbus examples with Arduino Uno and ESP8266 PLC programming is very common in industry and home automation. This book describes how the Raspberry Pi 4 can be used as a Programmable Logic Controller. Before taking you into the programming, the author starts with the software installation on the Raspberry Pi and the PLC editor on the PC, followed by a description of the hardware. You'll then find interesting examples in the different programming languages complying with the IEC 61131-3 standard. This manual also explains in detail how to use the PLC editor and how to load and execute the programs on the Raspberry Pi. All IEC languages are explained with examples, starting with LD (Ladder Diagram) over ST (Structured Control Language) to SFC (Special Function Chart). All examples can be downloaded from the author's website. Networking gets thorough attention too. The Arduino Uno and the ESP8266 are programmed as ModbusRTU or ModbusTCP modules to get access to external peripherals, reading sensors and switching electrical loads. I/O circuits complying with the 24 V industry standard may also be of interest for the reader. The book ends with an overview of commands for ST and LD. After reading the book, the reader will be able to create his own controllers with the Raspberry Pi.

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Elektor GREEN and GOLD members can download their digital edition here. Not a member yet? Click here. PbMonitor v2.0 UpdateBattery Monitoring with Improved Analog Design Audio Latency MeasurementA Standalone Tool for Evaluating Errors and Latency in Audio Transmission Square Wave vs. Bode PlotChecking the Performances of an Audio Device embedded world 2026 Clever Coding with AIAI in Software Development for Electronics Engineers QA403 Audio AnalyzerAffordable Precision for Audio Professionals and Hobbyists EasyGimbalAutonomous Camera Tracking with AI, Stepper and Servo Motors Sigfox Breakout Board (2)Sending Messages Circuit ProtectionControlling Overvoltages with TVS Diodes Emerging Battery Testing ApproachesA New Era of Diagnostics AudiotronicsA First Preamplifier CANopenTermAn Open-Source Tool That Brings CAN to Makers and Engineers Alike Stabilization of Operational AmplifiersAvoiding Feedback Instability Err-lectronicsCorrections, Updates, and Readers’ Letters Signal ConditioningTips and Tricks to Fit Voltage Ranges TDR Attachment for OscilloscopesLength, Short Circuit, Mismatch: Measure Cables Using Reflections! From Life's ExperienceLED It Be Speaker Oscillator and Resonance TesterA Fully Experimental Project for Your Speakers Elektor Community Perspectives on Test and Measurement ESP32 Audio Transceiver Board (Part 5)Audio Processing and Remote Control 2026: An AI OdysseyAI Has a Context Problem Battery Storage for Balcony Power PlantsSmall Batteries, Big Impact

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Eerste stappen met een ESP32-C3 en het IoTWiFi-knop en -relais IoT Cloud à la Arduino Arduino-shield met dubbele Geiger-Müller buisuiterst gevoelige en zeer zuinige stralingssensor CO2-wachterluchtkwaliteit bewaken – doe het zelf! MonkMakes Air Quality Kit voor de Raspberry Pimeet temperatuur en eCO2 Alle begin......verwelkomt de diode Tips & trucs voor het testen van componentenzonder kostbare apparatuur Reduceer het stroomverbruik van uw mollenverjagerATtiny13 in plaats van 555 Lichtschakelaar DeLuxuiterst nauwkeurig lichtgestuurd schakelen Uitdagingen bij het op de markt brengen van IoT-oplossingenzorgen over veiligheid, schaalbaarheid en de concurrentie Elektor Infographics Toch beter bedraadTips voor het ontwikkelen van een 1 Gbit/s interface in de industriële omgeving Edge Impulse FOMOreal-time objectdetectie voor MCU’s Lopende-golfbuisVreemde onderdelen, de serie Smalband-Internet of Thingsstandaarden, dekking, overeenkomsten en modules Dragino LPS8 indoor-gatewayLoRaWAN-gateway snel geïnstalleerd Ontdek ATtiny-microcontrollers met behulp van C en assemblervoorbeeldhoofdstuk: ATtiny I/O-poorten Project 2.0correcties, updates en brieven van lezers LoRa GPS-tracker updateontvang en toon de locatie met een Raspberry Pi Schakelingen simuleren met TINA Design Suite & TINACloudvoorbeeldhoofdstuk: sinusoscillatoren Uit het leven gegrepenlopendebandwerk Het WinUI grafische framework voor Windows-appseen kleine demo-applicatie GUI's maken met Python's Werelds slechtste GUI Off-grid PV-systeemelektrische energie onafhankelijk van het net De 10-jaar-smartphonestel uw verwachtingen bij Hexadoku

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