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The short-wave technique has a very particular appeal: It can easily bridge long distances. By reflecting short-wave signals off the conductive layers of the ionosphere, they can be received in places beyond the horizon and therefore can reach anywhere on earth. Although technology is striving for ever higher frequencies, and radio is usually listened to on FM, DAB+, satellite or the Internet, modern means of transmission require extensive infrastructure and are extremely vulnerable. In the event of a global power outage, there is nothing more important than the short-wave. Amateur radio is not only a hobby, it’s also an emergency radio system! Elektor’s SDR-Shield is a versatile shortwave receiver up to 30 MHz. Using an Arduino and the appropriate software, radio stations, morse signals, SSB stations, and digital signals can be received. In this book, successful author and enthusiastic radio amateur, Burkhard Kainka describes the modern practice of software defined radio using the Elektor SDR Shield. He not only imparts a theoretical background but also explains numerous open source software tools.

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A Practical Guide to AI, Python, and Hardware Projects Welcome to your BeagleY-AI journey! This compact, powerful, and affordable single-board computer is perfect for developers and hobbyists. With its dedicated 4 TOPS AI co-processor and a 1.4 GHz Quad-core Cortex-A53 CPU, the BeagleY-AI is equipped to handle both AI applications and real-time I/O tasks. Powered by the Texas Instruments AM67A processor, it offers DSPs, a 3D graphics unit, and video accelerators. Inside this handbook, you‘ll find over 50 hands-on projects that cover a wide range of topics—from basic circuits with LEDs and sensors to an AI-driven project. Each project is written in Python 3 and includes detailed explanations and full program listings to guide you. Whether you‘re a beginner or more advanced, you can follow these projects as they are or modify them to fit your own creative ideas. Here’s a glimpse of some exciting projects included in this handbook: Morse Code Exerciser with LED or BuzzerType a message and watch it come to life as an LED or buzzer translates your text into Morse code. Ultrasonic Distance MeasurementUse an ultrasonic sensor to measure distances and display the result in real time. Environmental Data Display & VisualizationCollect temperature, pressure, and humidity readings from the BME280 sensor, and display or plot them on a graphical interface. SPI – Voltmeter with ADCLearn how to measure voltage using an external ADC and display the results on your BeagleY-AI. GPS Coordinates DisplayTrack your location with a GPS module and view geographic coordinates on your screen. BeagleY-AI and Raspberry Pi 4 CommunicationDiscover how to make your BeagleY-AI and Raspberry Pi communicate over a serial link and exchange data. AI-Driven Object Detection with TensorFlow LiteSet up and run an object detection model using TensorFlow Lite on the BeagleY-AI platform, with complete hardware and software details provided.

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Le téléchargement intégral de ce numéro est disponible pour nos membres GOLD et GREEN sur le site Elektor Magazine ! Pas encore membre ? Cliquez ici. outils d'IA pour le prototypage matérielCe qui est utile, ce qui ne l’est pas, et ce qui reste du ressort de l’ingénieur ZSWatch : de l'idée au produitPartie 1 : une montre connectée entièrement open source correcteur de tonalité à trois voiesHaut de gamme – pour une touche supplémentaire electronica Fast Forward 202610 années d'innovation prototypage avec des microcontrôleursUn aperçu des cartes de développement les plus populaires plaques d'essai pour prototypageDrôles de composants, la série concevoir pour l'orbiteGuide du maker pour la sélection de composants, la résilience aux rayonnements et l'architecture de mission gestion thermique pour des systèmes électroniques fiablesQuand chaque degré compte du concept au produit finiConcevoir des systèmes embarqués prêts à la commercialisation Lusight : écrans électroniques souples commandés avec votre téléphoneDécouvrez ce que cache le badge sur la couverture de l’édition electronica d’Elektor apprendre à un bras robotique à voir et à se déplacerManipulation d'objets par IA avec un bras robotique imprimé en 3D Elektor à 65 ansProjets des numéros de novembre et décembre antenne en boucle avec blocs RFPartie 2 : traitement du signal du prototype à la productionLeçons pratiques de la communauté Elektor projet 2.0Retours, idées, corrections générateur audio portableUne source de signal de référence pour la configuration rapide des systèmes audio audiotroniquePlus sur la distorsion, et un ampli d'adaptation de niveau 2026 : une odyssée de l'IAQuand l'IA contribue a son propre développement atelier sans fil (2)Modules radio expliqués : émetteur-récepteur nRF24L01P à 2,4 GHz La voie du numérique construction d'une montre connectée open sourceDaniel Kampert avec la ZSWatch, le matériel libre et les compromis techniques comment se préparer pour l'assemblage SMD professionnel l’ingénierie au-delà de l’établiIntégration des systèmes, dépannage et essais en conditions réelles. simulateur d'instruments avioniquesESP32-S3, avec écran HMI ron

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Diese Ausgabe steht allen GOLD- und GREEN-Mitgliedern auf der ElektorMagazine-Website zum Download bereit! Sie sind noch kein Mitglied? Hier klicken! PbMonitor v2.0 – UpdateBatterieüberwachung mit verbessertem Analogdesign Audio-LatenzmessungEigenständiges Werkzeug zur Bewertung von Fehlern und Latenzen bei der Audioübertragung Rechtecksignal vs. Bode-DiagrammÜberprüfung der Leistungsfähigkeit eines Audiogeräts embedded world 2026 Clever coden mit KIKI in der Softwareentwicklung für Elektroniker Audioanalyser QA403Bezahlbare Präzision für Audio-Profis und -Hobbyisten EasyGimbalAutonomes Kamera-Tracking mit KI, Schrittmotor und Servo Sigfox-Breakout-Board (Teil 2)Nachrichten senden SchaltungsschutzÜberspannungen mit TVS-Dioden beherrschen Neue Ansätze für BatterieprüfungenEine neue Ära der Diagnostik AudiotronicsEin erster Vorverstärker CANopenTermEin Open-Source-Werkzeug für CAN – für Maker und Ingenieure Stabilisierung von Operationsverstärkernbei kapazitiver Last Projekt 2.0Korrekturen, Aktualisierungen und Leserbriefe SignalkonditionierungTipps und Tricks zur Anpassung von Spannungsbereichen TDR-Aufsatz für OszilloskopeLängenmessung, Kurzschluss, Fehlanpassung: Kabel mit Reflexionen messen! Aus dem Leben gegriffenLED It Be Lautsprecher-Oszillator und ResonanztesterEin experimentelles Projekt für Ihre Lautsprecher Elektor-Community-Tipps zu Test und Messung ESP32-Audio-Transceiver-Board (Teil 5)Audioverarbeitung und Fernsteuerung 2026: Eine KI-OdysseeKI hat ein Kontextproblem Batteriespeicher für BalkonkraftwerkeKleine Akkus mit großer Wirkung

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The Red Pitaya (STEMlab) is a credit card-sized, open-source test and measurement board that can be used to replace most measurement instruments used in electronics laboratories. With a single click, the board can transform into a web-based oscilloscope, spectrum analyser, signal generator, LCR meter, Bode plotter, and microcontroller. The Red Pitaya (STEMlab) can replace the many pieces of expensive measurement equipment found at professional research organisations and teaching laboratories. The device, that based on Linux, includes an FPGA, digital signal processing (DSP), dual core ARM Cortex processor, signal acquisition and generation circuitry, micro USB socket, microSD card slot, RJ45 socket for Ethernet connection, and USB socket – all powered from an external mains adaptor. This book is an introduction to electronics. It aims to teach the principles and applications of basic electronics by carrying out real experiments using the Red Pitaya (STEMlab). The book includes many chapters on basic electronics and teaches the theory and use of electronic components including resistors, capacitors, inductors, diodes, transistors, and operational amplifiers in electronic circuits. Many fun and interesting Red Pitaya (STEMlab) experiments are included in the book. The book also makes an introduction to visual programming environment. The book is written for college level and first year university students studying electrical or electronic engineering.

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Program and build Arduino-based ham station utilities, tools, and instruments In addition to a detailed introduction to the exciting world of the Arduino microcontroller and its many variants, this book introduces you to the shields, modules, and components you can connect to the Arduino. Many of these components are discussed in detail and used in the projects included in this book to help you understand how these components can be incorporated into your own Arduino projects. Emphasis has been placed on designing and creating a wide range of amateur radio-related projects that can easily be built in just a few days. This book is written for ham radio operators and Arduino enthusiasts of all skill levels, and includes discussions about the tools, construction methods, and troubleshooting techniques used in creating amateur radio-related Arduino projects. The book teaches you how to create feature-rich Arduino-based projects, with the goal of helping you to advance beyond this book, and design and build your own ham radio Arduino projects. In addition, this book describes in detail the design, construction, programming, and operation of the following projects: CW Beacon and Foxhunt Keyer Mini Weather Station RF Probe with LED Bar Graph DTMF Tone Encoder DTMF Tone Decoder Waveform Generator Auto Power On/Off Bluetooth CW Keyer Station Power Monitor AC Current Monitor This book assumes a basic knowledge of electronics and circuit construction. Basic knowledge of how to program the Arduino using its IDE will also be beneficial.

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This book contains 50 fun and exciting projects for PIC microcontrollers such as a laser alarm, USB teasing mouse, eggtimer, youth repellent, soundswitch, capacitive liquid level gauge, 'finger in the water' sensor, guarding a room using a camera, mains light dimmer (110-240 volts), talking microcontroller and much more. Several different techniques are discussed such as relay, alternating current control including mains, I²C, SPI, RS232, USB, pulse width modulation, rotary encoder, interrupts, infrared, analog-digital conversion (and the other way around), 7-segment display and even CAN bus. You can use this book to build the projects for your own use. The clear explanations, schematics and even pictures of each project make this a fun activity. For each project the theory is discussed and why the project has been executed in that particular way. That means you can also use this book as a studybook, or as basis for larger and more complicated projects. All projects use a breadboard so modification and expansion is easy. Three PIC microcontrollers are used, the 16f877A, 18f4455 and 18f4685. It is also discussed how you can migrate your project from one microcontroller to another – 15 types are supported - including two example projects. All software that is used in this book can be downloaded for free. That also applies to the open source programming language JAL. This powerful and yet easy to learn language is used by hobbyists as well as professionals. This book can also be used as a reference guide. It explains all JAL commands, as well as the expansion libraries. Using the index you can easily find example projects that illustrate the use of these commands. Even when you have built all projects in this book you will still want to keep it within arm's reach.

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Die OWON ADS900A-Serie ist ein kompaktes 12-Bit-Digitaloszilloskop mit bis zu 2 GSa/s, 100 MPTS Speicher und 125/250 MHz Bandbreite. Mit seinem 7"-Multitouch-Display, FFT, Protokolldekodierung und integriertem Logikanalysator ermöglicht es eine präzise Signalanalyse für Labor-, Werkstatt- und Feldanwendungen. Technische Daten ADS914A ADS924A Bandwidth (-3 dB) 125 MHz 250 MHz Channels 4 Max. sample rate 2 GSa/s (single-channel) 1 GSa/s (dual-channel) 500 MSa/s (full-channel) DC Gain Accuracy 3% (≤1 mV) 2% (≥2 mV) Max memory depth 100M Vertical resolution 12 bits Relay time accuracy ±25 ppm (typical) Input Impedance 1 MΩ±2%, parallel with20 pF±5 pF Probe Attenuation Coefficient 1.00μX-1M.00X,step by 1-2-5, support custom Trigger type Edge, Video, Pulse, Slope, Runt, Windows, Timeout, Nth, Logic, RS232/UART, I²C, SPI CAN, LIN Bus decoding RS232/UART, I²C, SPI, CAN, LIN Auto measurement Period, Frequency, +Width, -Width, Rise Time, Fall Time, Scr Duty, +Duty,-Duty, Vavg, Vpp, VRMS, Overshoot, Vmax, Vmin, Vtop, CycRms, Vbase, Vamp, Preshoot, Std Dev, +Pulse Cnt, -Pulse Cnt, Rise Cnt, Fall Cnt, Area, Cyc Area, Delay(A↑-B↑), Delay(A↑-B↓), Delay(A↓-B↑), Delay(A↓-B↓), Phase(A↑-B↑) Phase(A↑-B↓), Phase(A↓-B↑), Phase(A↓-B↓), FRR(A↑-B↑), FRF(A↑-B↓) FFR(A↓-B↑), FFF(A↓-B↓), LRR(A↑-B↑), LRF(A↑-B↓), LFR(A↓-B↑), LFF(A↓-B↓) Waveform Math +, -, *, /, &&, ||, ^, ！, Intg, Diff, Sqrt, Function operation (Lg / Ln / Exp / Abs / Sine / Cosine / Tan), FFT, FFT rms, User Defined, digital filter (low pass, high pass, band pass, band reject) Frequency counter 6-digit frequency counter Maximum frequency: maximum analog bandwidth of oscilloscope Voltmeter Support DC, AC+DCrms, ACrms, Resolution: 4 digits (ACV/DCV) Logical Analyzer Specifications Number of channels 16 input channels (D0-D15) (D0 to D7, D8 to D15) Max. input voltage ±40V peak CAT I, transient overvoltage 800Vpk Input Impedance 100kΩ, 8 pF Vertical resolution 1 bit Other Communication Interface HDMI, USB device, USB Host, Trig Out (P/F), LAN Display 7 inch (1024x600), capacitive multi-touch screen Power supply interface USB-C Dimensions 260 x 160 x 78 mm Weight 1.5 kg Lieferumfang 1x OWON ADS914A Oszilloskop 1x Netzteil 1x Netzkabel 1x USB-Kabel 1x Sonde 1x Quick Guide Downloads Manual Quick Guide PC Software

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Modular and Scalable Control Systems Using Structured Text This book offers a structured and practical approach to modern PLC development using object-oriented principles. It is a guide for engineers, programmers, and students seeking to harness the power of object-oriented programming (OOP) in the context of industrial automation with PLCs. The content focuses on the CODESYS development environment and Structured Text (ST), both of which support modern programming techniques while maintaining compatibility with real-time automation requirements. Through step-by-step demos and instructional examples, it demonstrates how modular, reusable code can enhance development efficiency, simplify ongoing maintenance, and enable scalable and flexible control system architectures. Key topics include: Structured Text fundamentals: conditions, loops, arrays, and functions Object-oriented concepts: classes, methods, and inheritance Advanced techniques: polymorphism, interfaces, and access control Modular design with reusable components and structured program flow Implementation of finite state machines and scalable application design Built around instructional demos and clear explanations, this book helps readers develop maintainable and modern control software in the CODESYS environment using proven programming techniques.

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Dieses Bundle enthält das Red Pitaya STEMlab 125-14 PRO Gen 2 Starter Kit und das neue Buch "Experimenting with Red Pitaya STEMlab Gen 2". Das Red Pitaya STEMlab 125-14 PRO Gen 2 Starter Kit ist eine leistungsstarke und flexible Plattform für Signalverarbeitung, Datenerfassung und elektronische Messanwendungen. Dieses Kit wurde für Ingenieure, Entwickler, Forscher und Dozenten konzipiert und bietet alles, was für den Einstieg in die Entwicklung fortschrittlicher Mess- und Steuerungssysteme erforderlich ist. Das Herzstück des Kits ist das STEMlab 125-14 PRO Gen 2-Board, eine verbesserte und ultraleichte Entwicklungsplatine. Angetrieben vom Xilinx Zynq-7010 SoC mit 512 MB RAM kombiniert es die Programmierbarkeit eines FPGAs mit der Rechenleistung eines ARM-Prozessors, um leistungsstarke Messtechnik und kundenspezifische Signalverarbeitungslösungen zu ermöglichen. Das Board bietet eine 14-Bit-ADC- und DAC-Auflösung, eine Abtastrate von 125 MS/s, einen Eingangsbereich von ±20 V und eine Bandbreite von bis zu 60 MHz. Dank seines verbesserten rauscharmen analogen Frontends, der USB-C-Konnektivität und des kompakten Designs eignet es sich für anspruchsvolle Anwendungen wie HF-Entwicklung, Radarsysteme, Photonikforschung, Software-Defined Radio (SDR) und industrielle Automatisierung. Das Starter Kit enthält alles notwendige Zubehör für den sofortigen Einsatz: eine microSD-Karte mit vorinstalliertem Betriebssystem, ein Netzteil, ein Ethernet-Kabel für den Fernzugriff, zwei 100-MHz-Oszilloskop-Messspitzen sowie SMA-zu-BNC-Adapter für flexible Signalanschlüsse. Das Red Pitaya STEMlab 125-14 PRO Gen 2 Starter Kit ist eine hervorragende Plattform für Rapid Prototyping, FPGA-Entwicklung, Messtechnik und fortgeschrittene Elektronikversuche. Features 14-Bit-ADC- und DAC-Auflösung Abtastrate: 125 MS/s Eingangsspannungsbereich: ±20 V Bandbreite: Bis zu 60 MHz Xilinx Zynq-7010 SoC (FPGA + ARM-Prozessor) 512 MB RAM Rauscharme analoge Front- und Backends Anwendungen HF-Entwicklung und -Test Radar- und drahtlose Systeme Software Defined Radio (SDR) Photonik und optische Forschung Industrielle Automatisierungs- und Steuerungssysteme Signalanalyse und -instrumentierung Schnelles Prototyping elektronischer Bauteile Messsysteme Technische Daten Prozessor Dual-Core ARM Cortex-A9 FPGA AMD Xilinx Zynq-7010 SoC RAM 512 MB (4 Gb) Speicher microSD-Karte (bis zu 32 GB) Betriebssystem Linux-basiertes Red Pitaya OS ADC-Auflösung 14 Bit DAC Auflösung 14 Bit Bandbreite 60 MHz (DC) Abtastrate 125 MS/s Analoge Eingangskanäle 2 Analoge Ausgangskanäle 2 Eingangsspannungsbereich ±1 V (LV) / ±20 V (HV) Eingangsimpedanz 1 MΩ / 10 pF Ausgangsspannungsbereich ±1 V Ethernet 1x Gigabit Ethernet (RJ45) USB 2x USB-C 2.0 (für Stromversorgung und Konsole) Digitale Ein-/Ausgänge 16x GPIO (3,3 V) Kommunikationsschnittstellen I²C, SPI, UART, CAN Stromversorgung 5 V/3 A über USB-C Abmessungen 106,8 x 60,0 x 17,9 mm Lieferumfang 1x Red Pitaya STEMlab 125-14 PRO Gen 2 Board 2x 100-MHz-Oszilloskop-Tastköpfe 2x SMA-zu-BNC-Adapter 1x microSD-Karte mit vorinstalliertem Betriebssystem 1x USB-C-Netzteil 1x Ethernet-Kabel Downloads Documentation Schematics Buch: Experimenting with Red Pitaya STEMlab Gen 2 Mit diesem neuen Buch geht Red Pitaya über ein vielseitiges Board hinaus – es wird zu einem leistungsstarken Laborinstrument für präzise Messungen, Analysen und Steuerungen. Von den Grundlagen der Entwicklung elektronischer Projekte über Überwachung, Regelung und Design bis hin zu Tests führt Sie dieses Buch Schritt für Schritt durch alles, was Sie wissen müssen, um das volle Potenzial der Red Pitaya-Hardware und -Software auszuschöpfen. Das Buch stellt Echtzeitprojekte auf FPGA-Basis vor, die auf einem PC mit der Vivado-Umgebung entwickelt und anschließend zur Ausführung und zum Testen auf die Red Pitaya übertragen werden. Sie lernen mehr über gesteigerte Leistung, erweiterte I/O-Möglichkeiten, verbesserte FPGA-Funktionen sowie fortschrittliche Konnektivitätsoptionen, die neue Möglichkeiten für präzise Messungen, Überwachung und Steuerung in Ihren Embedded-Anwendungen eröffnen. Im Buch entdecken Sie: Einen tiefgehenden Einblick in die Red Pitaya-Architektur und das Hardware-Design Elektronische Experimente mit Red Pitaya für Mess- und Überwachungsanwendungen Praxisnahe Projekte mit der Programmiersprache Python Praktische Anleitungen zur FPGA-Programmierung mit Red Pitaya Red Pitaya FPGA-Projekte mit Verilog HDL in der Vivado IDE Die praxisorientierte Entwicklung elektronischer Projekte inklusive Messung und Tests Schritt-für-Schritt-Beispiele, die Theorie und reale Umsetzung miteinander verbinden Ganz gleich, ob Sie eigene elektronische Schaltungen entwerfen, Werkzeuge zur Signalanalyse entwickeln oder Echtzeit-Steuerungs- und Überwachungssysteme erstellen – dieses Buch vermittelt Ihnen das nötige Wissen und die Sicherheit, um die Red Pitaya-Plattform vollständig zu verstehen und individuell anzupassen.

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With Examples for Raspberry Pi Pico and ESP32 Creating and programming small electronic systems is now easier than ever before. With inexpensive development boards and modern software tools, anyone curious about embedded design can quickly move from an idea to a working piece of hardware. At the heart of this change is MicroPython—a clear, interactive, and beginner-friendly way to program microcontrollers while still remaining closely connected to the underlying electronics. This book introduces embedded programming through MicroPython on popular platforms such as the Raspberry Pi Pico and the ESP32. You will discover how to use microcontrollers for reading inputs, processing data, and controlling outputs in a predictable, real-time loop. With just a few lines of code, you can blink LEDs, read sensors, drive motors, and communicate with the outside world. The interactive REPL programming interface encourages experimentation and fast learning, making concepts tangible from the very first chapter. While different boards offer different capabilities, they all share the same core principles. Timers, GPIO, analog I/O, PWM, interrupts, and communication interfaces form the foundation of every embedded system. By focusing on these universal building blocks, this book helps you build skills that transfer across platforms and scale naturally toward more advanced development. Whether you are a beginner or an experienced programmer entering embedded systems, you will find that working with MicroPython is both practical and genuinely enjoyable.

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Projects with Thonny-IDE, uPyCraft-IDE, and ESP32 The 'Python' programming language has enjoyed an enormous upswing in recent years. Not least, various single-board systems such as the Raspberry Pi have contributed to its popularity. But Python has also found widespread use in other fields, such as artificial intelligence (AI) or machine learning (ML). It is obvious, therefore, to use Python or the 'MicroPython' variant for use in SoCs (Systems on Chip) as well. Powerful controllers such as the ESP32 from Espressif Systems offer excellent performance as well as Wi-Fi and Bluetooth functionality at an affordable price. With these features, the Maker scene has been taken by storm. Compared to other controllers, the ESP32 has a significantly larger flash and SRAM memory, as well as a much higher CPU speed. Due to these characteristics, the chip is not only suitable for classic C applications, but also for programming with MicroPython. This book introduces the application of modern one-chip systems. In addition to the technical background, the focus is on MicroPython itself. After the introduction to the language, the programming skills learned are immediately put into practice. The individual projects are suitable for use in the laboratory as well as for everyday applications. So, in addition to the actual learning effect, the focus is also on the joy of building complete and useful devices. By using laboratory breadboards, circuits of all kinds can be realized with little effort, turning the testing and debugging of the 100% homebrew projects into an instructive pleasure. The various applications, such as weather stations, digital voltmeters, ultrasound range finders, RFID card readers or function generators, make the projects presented ideally suited for practical courses or subject and study work in the natural sciences, or in science and technology classes.

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