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Der Arduino Uno ist ein Open-Source-Mikrocontroller-Entwicklungssystem, das Hardware, eine integrierte Entwicklungsumgebung (IDE) und eine Vielzahl von Bibliotheken umfasst. Es wird von einer riesigen Gemeinschaft von Programmierern, Elektronikern, Enthusiasten und Akademikern unterstützt. Insbesondere die Bibliotheken erleichtern die Programmierarbeit und reduzieren die Entwicklungszeiten, da sie das Erstellen von Programmen erheblich erleichtern. Der Raspberry Pi 4 kann in vielen Projekten wie Audio- und Videoanwendungen, aber auch in Industriesteuerungen, Robotik, Spielen usw. eingesetzt werden. Dazu bietet er auch WiFi- und Bluetooth-Fähigkeiten, wodurch er sich zudem hervorragend für internetbasierte Steuerungs- und Überwachungsanwendungen eignet. In diesem Buch werden sowohl der Raspberry Pi 4 als auch der Arduino Uno in PID-basierten automatischen Steuerungsanwendungen eingesetzt. Nach einer grundlegenden Theorie der Regelsysteme werden funktionierende und getestete Projekte zur Steuerung realer Systeme mit PID-Reglern vorgestellt. Die Open-Loop-Eigenschaften, die Abstimmung der PID-Parameter und das Closed-Loop-Zeitverhalten der Systeme werden zusammen mit Blockdiagrammen, Schaltplänen und PID-Regelalgorithmen ausführlich diskutiert. Vollständige Programme für den Raspberry Pi und den Arduino Uno runden die im Buch vorgestellten Projekte ab. Die Regelsysteme können problemlos auch auf andere Projekte angewendet werden und die für den Raspberry Pi 4 angegebenen Programme sollten auch mit anderen Modellen der Raspberry Pi-Familie reibungslos funktionieren. Das Buch behandelt folgende Themen: Steuer- und Regelsysteme Analoge und digitale Sensoren Übertragungsfunktionen und zeitkontinuierliche Systeme Systemantwortfunktionen erster und zweiter Ordnung Zeitdiskrete digitale Systeme Zeitkontinuierliche PID-Regler Zeitdiskrete PID-Regler Zweipunkt-Temperaturregelung mit Raspberry Pi und Arduino Uno PID-basierte Temperaturregelung mit Raspberry Pi und Arduino Uno Motorsteuerung mit Raspberry Pi und Arduino Uno Wasserstandsregelung mit Raspberry Pi und Arduino Uno PID-basierte LED-Helligkeitsregelung mit Raspberry Pi und Arduino Uno

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With Examples for Arduino UNO, Raspberry Pi Pico and ESP32 Programming small electronic systems has never been more accessible. Tasks that once demanded expensive tools, specialized hardware, and deep electrical engineering expertise can now be tackled with low-cost development boards and approachable software. At the centre of this shift is the Arduino environment, which provides a unified and familiar way to program a wide range of microcontroller platforms—from classic AVR boards like the Arduino UNO to modern ARM-based boards such as the Raspberry Pi Pico, and powerful Wi-Fi-enabled devices like the ESP32. This book introduces embedded programming through the core idea that defines all microcontrollers: reading inputs, processing information, and controlling outputs in a predictable loop. The Arduino environment abstracts much of the hardware complexity, allowing you to focus on behaviour rather than implementation details. With just a few lines of code, you can blink LEDs, read sensors, control motors, and communicate with other devices. While the Arduino UNO, Raspberry Pi Pico, and ESP32 boards differ greatly in performance and features, they share the same fundamental building blocks: digital and analog I/O, timers, serial communication, PWM, interrupts, and power management. Learning these concepts within the Arduino framework builds skills that transfer easily across platforms and scale toward more advanced applications. By exploring multiple boards while maintaining a consistent programming approach, this book helps you progress from simple experiments to confidently produce well-structured designs—showing that embedded development can be both practical and enjoyable.

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With Examples for Raspberry Pi Pico and ESP32 Creating and programming small electronic systems is now easier than ever before. With inexpensive development boards and modern software tools, anyone curious about embedded design can quickly move from an idea to a working piece of hardware. At the heart of this change is MicroPython—a clear, interactive, and beginner-friendly way to program microcontrollers while still remaining closely connected to the underlying electronics. This book introduces embedded programming through MicroPython on popular platforms such as the Raspberry Pi Pico and the ESP32. You will discover how to use microcontrollers for reading inputs, processing data, and controlling outputs in a predictable, real-time loop. With just a few lines of code, you can blink LEDs, read sensors, drive motors, and communicate with the outside world. The interactive REPL programming interface encourages experimentation and fast learning, making concepts tangible from the very first chapter. While different boards offer different capabilities, they all share the same core principles. Timers, GPIO, analog I/O, PWM, interrupts, and communication interfaces form the foundation of every embedded system. By focusing on these universal building blocks, this book helps you build skills that transfer across platforms and scale naturally toward more advanced development. Whether you are a beginner or an experienced programmer entering embedded systems, you will find that working with MicroPython is both practical and genuinely enjoyable.

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Diese exklusiv bei Elektor erhältliche überarbeitete Version 2.0 enthält folgende Verbesserungen: Verbesserte Schutzerdung (PE) für das Ofengehäuse Zusätzliche Wärmedämmschicht um den Ofen herum zur Geruchsreduzierung Anschluss an einen Computer zur Kurvenbearbeitung am PC Funktionen wie konstante Temperaturregelung und Zeitfunktionen Der Infrarot-IC-Strahler T-962 v2.0 ist ein mikroprozessorgesteuerter Reflow-Ofen. Er kann zum effektiven Löten verschiedener SMD- und BGA-Komponenten verwendet werden. Der gesamte Lötprozess kann automatisch durchgeführt werden und ist sehr einfach zu bedienen. Diese Maschine verwendet eine leistungsstarke Infrarotemission und Zirkulation des Heißluftstroms, so dass die Temperatur sehr genau und gleichmäßig verteilt gehalten wird. Eine verglaste Schublade dient zur Aufnahme des Werkstücks und ermöglicht sichere Löttechniken und die Handhabung von SMDBGA und anderen kleinen elektronischen Bauteilen, die auf einer Leiterplatte montiert sind. Der T-962 v2.0 kann zum automatischen Nachlöten verwendet werden, um schlechte Lötstellen zu korrigieren, schlechte Komponenten zu entfernen/zu ersetzen und kleine technische Modelle oder Prototypen zu vervollständigen. Features Große Infrarot-Lötfläche Effektive Lötfläche: 180 x 235 mm; das erhöht den Einsatzbereich dieser Maschine drastisch und macht sie zu einer wirtschaftlichen Investition. Wahlmöglichkeit zwischen verschiedenen Lötzyklen Die Parameter von acht Lötzyklen sind vordefiniert und der gesamte Lötprozess kann automatisch von Preheat, Soak und Reflow bis hin zur Abkühlung durchgeführt werden. Spezielles Aufheizen und Temperaturausgleich bei allen Ausführungen Nutzt bis zu 800 Watt energieeffiziente Infrarotheizung und Luftzirkulation zum Reflow-Löten. Ergonomisches Design, praktisch und leicht zu bedienen Die gute Verarbeitungsqualität, das geringe Gewicht und die kleine Stellfläche ermöglichen es, den T-962 v2.0 auf der Werkbank zu platzieren, zu transportieren oder zu lagern. Große Anzahl von verfügbaren Funktionen Der T-962 v2.0 kann die meisten Kleinteile von Leiterplatten löten, zum Beispiel CHIP, SOP, PLCC, QFP, BGA etc. Sie ist die ideale Rework-Lösung für Einzelläufe bis hin zur bedarfsgerechten Kleinserienproduktion. Technische Daten Lötfläche (max.) 180 x 235 mm Leistung (max.) 800 W Temperaturbereich 0-280°C Heizmethode Infrarot Bearbeitungszeit 1-8 Minuten Stromversorgung 220 V AC/50 Hz Display LCD mit Hintergrundbeleuchtung Regelmodus 8 intelligente Temperaturkurven Abmessungen 310 x 290 x 170 mm Gewicht 6,2 kg Lieferumfang 1x T-962 v2.0 Reflow-Lötofen (Elektor Version) 2x Sicherungen 1x Netzkabel (EU)

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With Examples for Arduino UNO, Raspberry Pi Pico and ESP32 Programming small electronic systems has never been more accessible. Tasks that once demanded expensive tools, specialized hardware, and deep electrical engineering expertise can now be tackled with low-cost development boards and approachable software. At the centre of this shift is the Arduino environment, which provides a unified and familiar way to program a wide range of microcontroller platforms—from classic AVR boards like the Arduino UNO to modern ARM-based boards such as the Raspberry Pi Pico, and powerful Wi-Fi-enabled devices like the ESP32. This book introduces embedded programming through the core idea that defines all microcontrollers: reading inputs, processing information, and controlling outputs in a predictable loop. The Arduino environment abstracts much of the hardware complexity, allowing you to focus on behaviour rather than implementation details. With just a few lines of code, you can blink LEDs, read sensors, control motors, and communicate with other devices. While the Arduino UNO, Raspberry Pi Pico, and ESP32 boards differ greatly in performance and features, they share the same fundamental building blocks: digital and analog I/O, timers, serial communication, PWM, interrupts, and power management. Learning these concepts within the Arduino framework builds skills that transfer easily across platforms and scale toward more advanced applications. By exploring multiple boards while maintaining a consistent programming approach, this book helps you progress from simple experiments to confidently produce well-structured designs—showing that embedded development can be both practical and enjoyable.

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This book is all about building your own DIY home control system. It presents two innovative ways to assemble such a system: By recycling old PC hardware – possibly extending the life of an old PC, or by using Raspberry Pi. In both cases, the main system outlined in this book will consist of a computer platform, a wireless mains outlet, a controller and a USB webcam – All linked together by Linux. By using the Raspberry Pi in conjunction with Arduino (used as an advanced I/O system board), it is possible to construct a small, compact, embedded control system offering enhanced capacity for USB integration, webcams, thermal monitoring and communication with the outside world. The experience required to undertake the projects within this book are minimal exposure to PC hardware and software, the ability to surf the internet, burn a CD-ROM and assemble a small PCB.

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Develop innovative hardware-based projects in C The Raspberry Pi has traditionally been programmed using Python. Although this is a very powerful language, many programmers may not be familiar with it. C on the other hand is perhaps the most commonly used programming language and all embedded microcontrollers can be programmed using it. The C language is taught in most technical colleges and universities and almost all engineering students are familiar with using it with their projects. This book is about using the Raspberry Pi with C to develop a range of hardware-based projects. Two of the most popular C libraries, wiringPi and pigpio are used. The book starts with an introduction to C and most students and newcomers will find this chapter invaluable. Many projects are provided in the book, including using Wi-Fi and Bluetooth to establish communication with smartphones. Many sensor and hardware-based projects are included. Both wiringPi and pigpio libraries are used in all projects. Complete program listings are given with full explanations. All projects have been fully tested and work. The following hardware-based projects are provided in the book: Using sensors Using LCDs I²C and SPI buses Serial communication Multitasking External and timer interrupts Using Wi-Fi Webservers Communicating with smartphones Using Bluetooth Sending data to the cloud Program listings of all Raspberry Pi projects developed in this book are available on the Elektor website. Readers can download and use these programs in their projects. Alternatively, they can customize them to suit their applications.

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Le téléchargement intégral de ce numéro est disponible pour nos membres GOLD et GREEN sur le site Elektor Magazine ! Pas encore membre ? Cliquez ici. carte émetteur-récepteur audio ESP32 (2)Transmission audio sans fil émetteur AM par inductionUtiliser les PIO du Pico dans un croquis Arduino les protocoles sans filUn guide technique suivi de satellites avec LoRaTinyGS, le réseau open source qui capte les données spatiales télécommande par sms compatible 4GContrôlez votre équipement à distance sonde haute vitesseMesure à haute impédance jusqu’à 200 MHz sur le vifKafka KrakenSDR tests de performance avec le RP2350Pico 2 : une vraie amélioration ? mesures de champ électrique sans contact (2)Un vibromètre laser pour l’analyse des vibrations de la membrane quartz et oscillateursAméliorer la précision des quartz grâce au choix des condensateurs démarrer en électroniqueCI audio originaux se lancer dans le codage d'un projet DIY SPECTRAN® V6 MobileAnalyseur de spectre temps réel modulaire et configurable pour des mesures fiables sur l’ensemble des plages de fréquences l’avenir de l’IA repose sur le siliciumEntretien avec Anastasiia Nosova nœud de capteurs autonome v2.0 (architecture du système)Plateforme de mesure autonome alimentée par énergie solaire, avec GPS intégré, LoRaWAN et plus encore positionnement précisTests du sondage de canal Bluetooth développement logiciel piloté par les tests voiture miniature contrôlée par SmartphoneWi-Fi + ESP32 + Smartphone = contrôle à distance 2025 : une odyssée de l’IAModèles de raisonnement en IA : la révolution de la chaîne de pensée contrôleur de charge solaire avec MPPT (3)Logiciel et mise en service caméra Web Raspberry Pi ZeroStreaming avec VPN ZeroTier

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Elektor GREEN and GOLD members can download their digital edition here. Not a member yet? Click here. PIO Programming on the Raspberry Pi PicoNine Instructions, Many Possibilities Breaking AI Out of the BrowserUsing AI CLIs to Code, Compile, and Validate Embedded Projects The Scrutiny DebuggerDebug, Visualize, and Test Embedded C/C++ Code Sigfox Breakout Board (1)A Self-Built Radio BoB Low-Noise Power Supply (2)Construction, Assembly, and Practical Implementation Simple Signal Generator Using the RP2040Analog and Digital Signals for Around €10 Navigating the Future of Smart Homes with Matter and Edge AIAre Matter’s Latest Updates and the Rise of Edge AI Finally Giving Engineers the Tools to Build the Intelligent, Seamless Smart Homes Users Have Been Promised? Differential Pressure SensorsPredictive Maintenance in HVAC-Systems Security by DesignEngineering Fundamentals Limit Failure Embedded Security Is No Longer Optional CRA and PQC Are Rewriting Embedded Security PrioritiesWhy Even Small IoT and Industrial Firms Need an Upgrade Plan embedded world 2026An Interview With Benedikt Weyerer, Executive Director of embedded world Hands on with I3CUsing Hardware from ST and Microchip The BLEnky ProjectRapid Prototyping of Bluetooth Low Energy Applications Pulse Width ModulationFrom a Simple On/Off Thermostat to a Smoothed DC Analog Signal AudiotronicsEar-Pleasing Electronics for DIY Construction From Life’s ExperienceRead The F...ing Manual! ESP32 Audio Transceiver Board (Part 4)Tuning the Clocks - And a Wired Option 2026: An AI OdysseyThe 2025 Vibe-Coding Hangover Symmetrical DC LoadDC Load, Static or Dynamic, and Symmetrical Counting Faces with MaixCAMAn Easy Way to Capture Audience Sizes

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Elektor GREEN and GOLD members can download their digital edition here. Not a member yet? Click here. Raspberry Pi Pico as Spectrum AnalyzerFFTs on a Low-Cost Hardware Basis ±40-V Linear Voltage RegulatorAn Alternative Power Supply for the Fortissimo-100 Power Amplifier… and Others! MCU Wireless Communication Made FlexibleEEPROM Opens Networking Prospects for Wireless MCUs €5,000 up for grabs!Join the STM32 Wireless Innovation Design Contest 2023: An AI OdysseyGetting Started with ChatGPT’s Code Interpreter LoRa, a Swiss Army Knife (1)The LoRa Protocol and Its Advantages Adjustable Current Sink with Integrated Clock GeneratorTest Power Supplies, Voltage Converters and Batteries Two New Arduino UNO R4 Boards: Minima and WiFi Logarithmic PotentiometersThey’re Exponential! Motor Driver Breakout BoardA BoB for a 5 A DC Motor Driver with a 3×3 mm Size From Life’s ExperienceHazardous Electronics Is Cellular the Lowest-Power Option for IoT?LTE-M and NB-IoT Energy Requirements in LPWAN Deployments Wireless Communication in IoT Systems – Using Arduino MKR ModulesThe Right Board for Wi-Fi, LoRa, and Many More Standards AC Losses in Magnetic ComponentsAvoid Hot Inductors! Measurement for Optimal Cloud Deployment Matter Adoption: What does it take to deploy Matter devices? YARD Stick OneA Sub-1 GHz Wireless Test Tool Latching RelaysPeculiar Parts, the Series PIC O’Clock – In Touch with TimeDesigning an SDR Time Signal Receiver Due Diligence DirectiveBusiness as Usual Will Not Do Starting Out in Electronics……Voltage Amplification Infrasound Recorder with the Arduino Pro MiniA Sample Project from Elektor’s “Arduino & Co.” Book Cloud-Based Energy MeterWith ESP32 Module and PZEM-004T Voltage/Current Sensor A Bare-Metal Programming Guide (Part 2)Accurate Timing, the UART, and Debugging Hexadoku

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Elektor GREEN and GOLD members can download their digital edition here. Not a member yet? Click here. CaptureCountAn Object Detector and Counter on the Raspberry Pi 5 Voltage Reference With Arduino Pro MiniLinearize and Calibrate Your Analog Inputs FPGAs for BeginnersThe Path From MCU to FPGA Programming Update: STM32 Wireless Innovation Design Contest 2024 Bluetooth LE With MAUIControl Apps for Android & Co. Port-Expanding Breakout BoardIncrease the Number of I/Os on Your Dev Board AI SpecialistMachine Learning with the Jetson Nano 2024: An AI OdysseyFirst Forays Into TensorFlow 262,144 Ways to Play The Game of LifeA Reader’s Project in Brief From Life’s ExperienceThe Chinese Dragon Get Your (Brushed DC) Motor Running!Sample Projects from the Elektor Motor Control Development Bundle ESP32-RS-232 AdapterA Wireless Link for Classic Test Equipment Starting Out in Electronics……More About Opamps ESP Library Recommendations Piezoelectric DevicesPeculiar Parts, the Series A Smart Object CounterImage Recognition Made Easy with Edge Impulse Resolve Your Trickiest Embedded Development Challenges ESP32 TerminalA Handheld Device with a Touch-Capable Display Getting Started With the Zephyr RTOSAs Powerful as It Is Hard to Master Award-Winning EthicsA Dialog with CTO Alexander Gerfer of Würth Elektronik eiSos on Enabling Innovation and Mindful Behavior Err-lectronicsCorrections, Updates, and Readers’ Letters Infographics: Embedded and AI Square Wave Generation BenchmarksExploring ESP32, Pico, and Other Microcontrollers

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IMAGE PROCESSING WITH THE NVIDIA JETSON NANO (PART 2)Image Recognition Using Edge Impulse ELEKTOR JUMPSTARTER NEWSUpcoming Campaigns AN OPEN-SOURCE GPS TRACKING PLATFORMTraccar Maps Vehicle Tracking Without the Need for a Third-Party Cloud Server JOY-IT LCR-T7 MULTI-FUNCTION TESTERTesting Passives, Discrete Semiconductors and IR Remote Controls NOISE SYNTHESIZERFrom Noise to Music with the PRBSynth1 STARTING OUT IN ELECTRONICSEasier than Imagined! ... Continuing with the Coil UNDERSTANDING THE NEURONS IN NEURAL NETWORKS (PART 2)Logical Neurons ISSUES WITH SECURITY? FIGHT FIRE WITH FIRE!Flashbulb-Protected Analogue Memory Add-on For the Tamper-Evident Box LCR METER POSTER BLUETOOTH BEACONS IN PRACTICEBeacons Light the Way Ahead C PROGRAMMING ON RASPBERRY PICommunicating over Wi-Fi (Sample Chapter) EMC PRE-COMPLIANCE TEST FOR YOUR DC-POWERED PROJECT (PART 2)The Hardware and How to Use It HANDS ON THE PARALLAX PROPELLER 2 (PART 5)Inside the Smart Pin MODBUS OVER WLAN (PART 1)Hardware and Programming HOMELAB TOURSWhere the Junior Computer Is Brought to Life Again BUILD YOUR OWN HIGH-PRECISION CALIBRATOR-10 V to +10 V, 0 to 40 mA, 0.001% ARDUINO NANO RP2040 CONNECTRaspberry Pi RP2040 + Wi-Fi + Bluetooth THE PHYSICAL BODY OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ERR-LECTRONICSCorrections, Updates and Readers’ Letters CREATE GUIS WITH PYTHONIntroducing guizero CO2 METER KIT FOR THE CLASSROOMAn ESP8266-Based Device from the University of Applied Sciences Aachen NOSTALGIC MK484 MW/LW RADIO...Always Fun to Build! ELEKTOR @ 60Let There Be Light! HEXADOKUThe Original Elektorized Sudoku

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